Scientists find evidence that humans are still evolving.

Posted by Les on Wednesday, March 08, 2006 at 11:43 AM. Read 2424 times. Tags:
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Every now and then some IDiot or Creationist will show up and ask one of their favorite questions: If we evolved from monkeys then why aren’t we still evolving into something else? The answer, of course, is that we are still in that process of change:

Providing the strongest evidence yet that human beings are still evolving, researchers have detected some 700 regions of the human genome where genes appear to have been reshaped by natural selection, a principal force of evolution, within the last 5,000 to 15,000 years.

The genes that show this evolutionary change include some responsible for the senses of taste and smell, digestion, bone structure, skin color and brain function.

Under natural selection, beneficial genes become more common in a population as their owners have more progeny.

It’s a slow process but even within relatively small timescales there’s evidence of change that’s being found. If we manage to survive for a few million more years chances are humans will have evolved into something hard to recognize as human.

Comments:

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Kysstfafm United States Posted on 03/08/2006 at 02:12 PM

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What’s beyond species and genus, anybody? Looks like we’ll have to add a new sub-subcategory to the naming scheme that we have to allow for “homo sapiens .“

Kysstfafm United States Posted on 03/08/2006 at 02:14 PM

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That last entry didn’t show up right, so here’s an alternative format. “homo sapiens [insert new variant here].“

Matt United States Posted on 03/08/2006 at 02:17 PM

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creationists also have no concept of evolution occuring over hundreds of thousands of generations-recorded human history is less than 10,000 years, and we’ve seen little during that time that would really put serious evolutionary pressure us. I’m sure we would have evolved much more dramatically if we had seen some sort of environmental factor that caused more natural selection to occur.

agog United States Posted on 03/08/2006 at 02:56 PM

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I’m sure I have this wrong, so forgive me…

Didn’t they find a small island of people near Italy a few years back that had developed a natural immunity to heart disease?  Somehting about how their bodies processed cholesterol or something?  Wouldn’t that be an example of people still evolving to fit their needs to survive?

elwedriddsche United States Posted on 03/08/2006 at 02:58 PM

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That last entry didn’t show up right, so here’s an alternative format. “homo sapiens [insert new variant here].�

If you want to be pedantic, modern-day humans are of the sub-species homo sapiens sapiens as the only extant subspecies of homo sapiens. If you want to cut it even finer, make the case for race and ethnicity.

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Science is answers that must always be questioned.
Philosophy is questions that may never be answered.
Religion is answers that must never be questioned.
Politics is answers that lobbyists pay for.

VernR United States Posted on 03/08/2006 at 03:01 PM

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The Chicago Tribune article that Les cited is short version of a piece that ran in the New York Times. Here are some more specifics.

The fingerprints of natural selection in DNA are hard to recognize. Just a handful of recently selected genes have previously been identified, like those that confer resistance to malaria or the ability to digest lactose in adulthood, an adaptation common in Northern Europeans whose ancestors thrived on cattle milk.

But the authors of the HapMap study released last October found many other regions where selection seemed to have occurred, as did an analysis published in December by Robert K. Moysis of the University of California, Irvine.

Dr. Pritchard’s scan of the human genome differs from the previous two because he has developed a statistical test to identify just genes that have started to spread through populations in recent millennia and have not yet become universal, as many advantageous genes eventually do.

The selected genes he has detected fall into a handful of functional categories, as might be expected if people were adapting to specific changes in their environment. Some are genes involved in digesting particular foods like the lactose-digesting gene common in Europeans. Some are genes that mediate taste and smell as well as detoxify plant poisons, perhaps signaling a shift in diet from wild foods to domesticated plants and animals.

Dr. Pritchard estimates that the average point at which the selected genes started to become more common under the pressure of natural selection is 10,800 years ago in the African population and 6,600 years ago in the Asian and European populations.

Dr. Richard G. Klein, a paleoanthropologist at Stanford, said that it was hard to correlate the specific gene changes in the three populations with events in the archaeological record, but that the timing and nature of the changes in the East Asians and Europeans seemed compatible with the shift to agriculture. Rice farming became widespread in China 6,000 to 7,000 years ago, and agriculture reached Europe from the Near East around the same time.

Have to wonder about what might come from our increasing use of technology.

decrepitoldfool United States Posted on 03/08/2006 at 07:05 PM

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Will there still be monkeys in the future?  You know, what with evolution and all.  Won’t they all evolve into humans and run for congress?  wink

elwedriddsche United States Posted on 03/08/2006 at 07:12 PM

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Won’t they all evolve into humans and run for congress?

How would you tell the difference?

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Science is answers that must always be questioned.
Philosophy is questions that may never be answered.
Religion is answers that must never be questioned.
Politics is answers that lobbyists pay for.

decrepitoldfool United States Posted on 03/08/2006 at 08:07 PM

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How would you tell the difference?

I’ve heard that chimps and humans share 97% of DNA just the same, but I don’t have 97% in common with the typical congressman.

moses Canada Posted on 03/08/2006 at 08:31 PM

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There are actually quite a few legitimate scientists that had the nerve to say human evolution had reached it’s peak.
These people are in the same class as some fool about a hundred years ago who said we should disband the patent office because everything had been invented! LOL

tmp Finland Posted on 03/08/2006 at 09:46 PM

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Interestingly, socially successful people tend to have less children nowadays.  This would mean that the genes required to prosper in modern society would actually be in decline.

And we are due to some advanges in genetic engineering Real Soon Now(tm).  At least in evolutionary timescales.  Then we have finally evolved into intelligent design.

So perhaps we have entered a phase of cultural evolution, and biology gets altered to match.  Or only the socially successful are allowed to have children, for the good of the society, of course.  Or, civilization collapses, we’ll be back in stone age, and all is well again.

Anyway, the theory of evolution should break down when the evolvees begin tampering with the process.

decrepitoldfool United States Posted on 03/09/2006 at 06:52 AM

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Whatever genes correlate being rich, will be selected by genetically engineering one’s children.

moses Canada Posted on 03/09/2006 at 08:05 AM

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Anyway, the theory of evolution should break down when the evolvees begin tampering with the process.

Where did you ever get that Idea? It might change direction but certainly not “break down”.
I would think that we will play an increasing part in determining our own future and evolution.
Where this will lead I don’t know, but it certailnly looks like more good than bad will come from it!
cool smile

Greg United States Posted on 03/09/2006 at 02:51 PM

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Sort of related to this from a science-fiction-based-on-fact point of view - Greg Bear’s “Darwin’s Radio”. In a nutshell, it’s about “Evolution. Now.“

tmp Finland Posted on 03/09/2006 at 06:39 PM

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Where did you ever get that Idea? It might change direction but certainly not “break down�.

Evolution uses genetic mutation as a source of change.  Medical technology will develop to the point that these mutations could be fixed in one’s offspring.

Evolution uses natural selection as means of spreading these changes.  The amount of offsping one has in modern society is dictated more by social than biological factors.  This kind of breaks down the guiding force of biological evolution.

I think that biological evolution of humanity is turning into societal/cultural evolution.  Which is, of course, a change of direction.  Our options increase and we learn to control our biological evolution.  Which set of ideals survives to guide how we use these options?

moses Canada Posted on 03/09/2006 at 07:07 PM

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I have to completely agree that we are also going through a dramatic social/cultural evolution which might have as much a bearing on our ancestors as the biological changes. rolleyes

decrepitoldfool United States Posted on 03/09/2006 at 07:25 PM

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The less-numerous children of the rich will be the first to enjoy enhancements.  The first changes will be things like freedom from certain inherited diseases.  I predict it will be a looooong time before they can do things like make kids freakishly intelligent or handsome.  Much sooner will come insurance dilemmas, malpractice lawsuits, tight regulations, and illegal foreign clinics with thalidomide-type side effects hitting three generations down the line.

moses Canada Posted on 03/09/2006 at 08:01 PM

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Much sooner will come insurance dilemmas, malpractice lawsuits, tight regulations, and illegal foreign clinics with thalidomide-type side effects hitting three generations down the line.

bah-humbug to you too!

Eric Paulsen United States Posted on 03/09/2006 at 11:44 PM

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Homo Americanus - Large in both frame and girth this giant was characterized by his inability to form rational opinions or do pull ups. Docile and compliant when confronted by his own government or constabulary his sense of self importance and superiority led to many of the the worst tragedies, both global and domestic, of the 20th and 21st centuries (before the rest of the world quarantined the North American continent). This species of human was the first to actually begin de-evolving when science was outlawed in 2024 and the last known enclave found in Montana dressed only in skins, communicated via pictograms thought to represent Fundamental Christian teachings, which had become the National Religion in 2022.

Once a powerful and advanced species, the last known Homo Americanus died on April 17th, 2231 from amebic dysentery.

Ragman United States Posted on 03/10/2006 at 09:01 AM

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characterized by his inability to form rational opinions

  They’d object to “homo” Americanus, preferring “hetero” Americanus.

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No matter what happens, somebody will find a way to take it too seriously.

moses Canada Posted on 03/10/2006 at 10:38 AM

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I think this whole business of referring to us as “homo-sapiens” is a conspiracy by the gay left to undermine society and further their own cause!
It’s the same as when they claimed 10% of the population was gay when in reality it is only about 2%.
raspberry

tmp Finland Posted on 03/10/2006 at 08:16 PM

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I predict it will be a looooong time before they can do things like make kids freakishly intelligent or handsome.

And then they probably do things like increase capability to logical thought and take away any creativity one might have.  You generally need to be just a little bit different to come up with something really new.  Or there will be some guys who will be naturally muscular, I believe such a mutation already exist, and they all get killed after some natural disaster because their bodies need much more food than is normal.

It’s interesting to compare how much the world has changed in the last millenium.  Last century?  Last decade?  See a trend here?  Take a guess at the odds that some of those changes spark a friendly round of Global Thermonuclear War.  In a decade?  In a century?  In a millenium?  Or the chances of someone developing some kind of species killing bug, and it getting released before/during/after a large scale war, with the facilities needed to develop a cure destroyed.

In a sense of social/cultural evolution, we are in an evolve or die phase.  We have got to a point where the damage we can do if everything goes to hell is truly staggering.  And unless we get out of this phase soonish, given long enough period of time, shit will happen.

decrepitoldfool United States Posted on 03/10/2006 at 08:52 PM

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And then they probably do things like increase capability to logical thought and take away any creativity one might have.

TMP, you’re not saying that a capacity for logical thought is antithetical to creativity, are you?  It’s an ugly stereotype of the antisocial boffin pecking away at his sums while society goes to hell.

If you get a chance, read Surely you’re joking, Dr. Feynman.  It will bring a smile to your face cool smile  In any case I suspect the capacity for logical thought is more a matter of socialization than genetics.

tmp Finland Posted on 03/12/2006 at 12:53 AM

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TMP, you’re not saying that a capacity for logical thought is antithetical to creativity, are you?  It’s an ugly stereotype of the antisocial boffin pecking away at his sums while society goes to hell.

No, but logical thought only allows you to expand on your axioms.  The ability to pull new and random ideas out of your ass and then expanding on those and seeing if they work might be actually considered a flaw.  As in, this gene causes someones brain to occassionally give weird results, let’s get rid of it.

read Surely you’re joking, Dr. Feynman

I’ll try.  And, yes, logic is something learned.  But I was thinking about raw biological capacity for pattern matching or mathematics myself.  Potential rather than actual ability.  And something easier to measure than creativity and emotions.  And worried about side effects of any possible tampering.  Me not native English speaker, you see.

Serai Great Britain (UK) Posted on 03/12/2006 at 01:08 AM

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The thought of human beings tinkering with their own DNA conjurs up a disturbing image of chimpanzees running amok in the control center of a nuclear reactor.

We as a race are clearly not advanced enough to seriously consider tampering with our genetic code. Though I suspect our arrogance combined with ignorance and ego will spur us onwards to meddle with it anyway!

Imagine a new Thalidomide generation, of children born with horrible birth defects simply because we as a race don’t know when to just stop messing with things we don’t fully understand. So in a nutshell, no I don’t think it’s a good idea. wink

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